眾所周知，閱讀是GRE general test中令廣大考生頭疼的一類(lèi)題目了，同時(shí)也是得分率低的部分。因?yàn)榭忌柙?5分鐘內(nèi)完成近2,000字的閱讀以及相應(yīng)的約10道題目，并且所涉及的文章大多是生澀難懂的學(xué)術(shù)性文章。要想攻破GRE 閱讀，掌握GRE 閱讀?？碱}型是必不可少的。

下面就由美嘉導(dǎo)師帶來(lái)的詳細(xì)介紹：

1、主旨題

考神馬?

考察考生對(duì)文章大意和總體結(jié)構(gòu)，感情色彩的把握能力

咋樣考?

The primary purpose of the passage is to ……?

The author is primarily concerned with…… ?

The passage focuses primarily on which of the following ?

俺咋辦?

總體來(lái)說(shuō)，要想成功的解決GRE閱讀主旨題這個(gè)老大難，需要考慮三方面的內(nèi)容：

（1）整篇文章的結(jié)構(gòu)類(lèi)型

（2）Topic sentence

（3）作者的態(tài)度

結(jié)構(gòu)類(lèi)型相同的文章，盡管內(nèi)容不盡相同，但是主旨題的答案卻存在很大程度上的相似性。比如文章屬于“全文論證一個(gè)觀(guān)點(diǎn)的型”，那么其主旨題的答案就很難出現(xiàn)reject, challenge, refute 等字眼。 但是這類(lèi)詞卻在“全文新觀(guān)點(diǎn)推翻舊觀(guān)點(diǎn)的”的文章主旨題中頻繁出現(xiàn)。所以說(shuō)，不論GRE 的文章主題怎樣變化，一種文章類(lèi)型往往會(huì)有一批相對(duì)固定的描述其主旨的特征詞匯。 掌握好這部分詞匯也是成功解決主旨題的關(guān)鍵。

樣題：

Traditional research has confronted only Mexican and United States interpretations of Mexican-American culture. Now we must also examine the culture as we Mexican Americans have experienced it, passing from a sovereign people to compatriots with newly arriving settlers to, finally, a conquered people—a charter (a grant or guarantee of rights, franchises, or privileges from the sovereign power of a state or country) minority on our own land.

When the Spanish first came to Mexico, they intermarried with and absorbed the culture of the indigenous Indians. This policy of colonization through acculturation was continued when Mexico acquired Texas in the early 1800’s and brought the indigenous Indians into Mexican life and government. In the 1820’s, United States citizens migrated to Texas, attracted by land suitable for cotton. As their numbers became more substantial, their policy of acquiring land by subduing native populations began to dominate. The two ideologies clashed repeatedly, culminating in a military conflict that led to victory for the United States. Thus, suddenly deprived of our parent culture, we had to evolve uniquely Mexican-American modes of thought and action in order to survive.

17. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is primarily to

(A) suggest the motives behind Mexican and United States intervention in Texas

(B) document certain early objectives of Mexican-American society

(C) provide a historical perspective for a new analysis of Mexican-American culture

(D) appeal to both Mexican and United States scholars to give greater consideration to economic interpretations of history

(E) bring to light previously overlooked research on Mexican Americans

2、結(jié)構(gòu)題

考神馬?

考察對(duì)文章結(jié)構(gòu)組織的概括把握能力

咋樣考?

Which of the following most accurately describes the organization of the passage?

The author organizes the passage by ….

俺咋辦?

美嘉導(dǎo)師表示，結(jié)構(gòu)題的答案往往是對(duì)文章結(jié)構(gòu)組織的概括. 很多時(shí)候就是與文章結(jié)構(gòu)有關(guān)的Structural Elements (比如說(shuō)段首的觀(guān)點(diǎn)句，轉(zhuǎn)折句等)的概括或直接改寫(xiě)。比如說(shuō)在“全文論證一個(gè)觀(guān)點(diǎn)型”文章中結(jié)構(gòu)題的答案會(huì)包括觀(guān)點(diǎn)，論證內(nèi)容，結(jié)論。

樣題：

Echolocating bats emit sounds in patterns—characteristic of each species—that contain both frequency-modulated (FM) and constant-frequency (CF) signals. The broadband FM signals and the narrowband CF signals travel out to a target, reflect from it, and return to the hunting bat. In this process of transmission and reflection, the sounds are changed, and the changes in the echoes enable the bat to perceive features of the target.

The FM signals report information about target characteristics that modify the timing and the fine frequency structure, or spectrum, of echoes—for example, the target’s size, shape, texture, surface structure, and direction in space. Because of their narrow bandwidth, CF signals portray only the target’s presence and, in the case of some bat species, its motion relative to the bat’s. Responding to changes in the CF echo’s frequency, bats of some species correct in flight for the direction and velocity of their moving prey.

Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?

(A) A fact is stated, a process is outlined, and specific details of the process are described.

(B) A fact is stated, and examples suggesting that a distinction needs correction are considered.

(C) A fact is stated, a theory is presented to explain that fact, and additional facts are introduced to validate the theory.

(D) A fact is stated, and two theories are compared in light of their explanations of this fact.

(E) A fact is stated, a process is described, and examples of still another process are illustrated in detail.

3、態(tài)度題

考神馬?

考察對(duì)于作者情感，態(tài)度的把握能力

咋樣考?

The author’s attitude toward ……can be best described / characterized / understood as

俺咋辦?

要想成功的解決態(tài)度題，一定要做到以下幾點(diǎn)。首先，在看到文章中表達(dá)作者對(duì)某觀(guān)點(diǎn),某事物的態(tài)度的句子要給予強(qiáng)烈的關(guān)注，并做標(biāo)記。然后，判斷作者表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的態(tài)度屬于哪種類(lèi)型，其實(shí)這些態(tài)度不外乎有以下幾種類(lèi)型：

正態(tài)度

負(fù)態(tài)度

無(wú)態(tài)度(也就是客觀(guān)公正的態(tài)度)

無(wú)明確態(tài)度

復(fù)雜態(tài)度(有讓步成分的態(tài)度)

后， 根據(jù)態(tài)度的類(lèi)型做出相應(yīng)的排除。

當(dāng)然，成功解決態(tài)度題的另外一個(gè)關(guān)鍵就是掌握常見(jiàn)的態(tài)度詞。例如：

正態(tài)度：

Accessible adj 易接近的

Accurate adj 準(zhǔn)確的，精確的

Appreciation n 贊美，欽佩

……

負(fù)態(tài)度：

Antipathy n 憎惡， 反感

Dubious adj 可疑的， 不確定的

Hostile adj 敵對(duì)的， 敵方的

Disdain v 輕蔑

樣題：

If a supernova (the explosion of a massive star) triggered star formation from dense clouds of gas and dust, and if the most massive star to be formed from the cloud evolved into a supernova and triggered a new round of star formation, and so on, then a chain of star-forming regions would result. If many such chains were created in a differentially rotating galaxy, the distribution of stars would resemble the observed distribution in a spiral galaxy .

This line of reasoning underlies an exciting new theory of spiral-galaxy structure. A computer simulation based on this theory has reproduced the appearance of many spiral galaxies without assuming an underlying density wave, the hallmark (a distinguishing characteristic, trait, or feature “the dramatic flourishes which are the hallmark of the trial lawyer Marion K. Sanders”) of the most widely accepted theory of the large-scale structure of spiral galaxies. That theory maintains that a density wave of spiral form sweeps through the central plane of a galaxy, compressing clouds of gas and dust, which collapse into stars that form a spiral pattern.

The author’s attitude toward the new theory of spiral-galaxy structure can best be described as

(A) euphoric

(B) enthusiastic

(C) c